After their final school year in 1975, the band decided to continue with Pew as bassist. Greatly influenced by the punk explosion of 1976, which saw Australian bands The Saints and Radio Birdman make their first recordings and tours, The Boys Next Door, as Harvey's band was now called, began performing fast, original new wave material. Harvey's guitar style was influenced by James Williamson of The Stooges and Paul Weller of The Jam. The Boys Next Door regularly played at Melbourne pubs between 1977 and 1980. Rowland S. Howard joined the band in 1978, bringing with him a chaotic feedback guitar style.
After extensive touring, recordings, and moderate success in Australia, the Boys Next Door relocated to London, United Kingdom (UK), in 1980, and changed their name to The Birthday Party. This period was defined by innovative and aggressive music composition, underpinned by Harvey's guitar playing. Harvey composed the majority of the band's material in the latter days of their career. Harvey's girlfriend Katy Beale followed the band to London. The band moved to West Berlin, Germany, in 1982, but without Calvert; Harvey transitioned from guitar to drums. After the breakup of The Birthday Party, Harvey stayed in Berlin and contacted his friend Simon Bonney, with whom he reformed Bonney's old Australian band Crime & the City Solution. Rowland S. Howard, Harry Howard (bass) and Epic Soundtracks (drums), who later formed the basis of These Immortal Souls a couple of years later, also participated.
Harvey and Cave formed Nick Cave and The Bad Seeds in 1983. Harvey remained with the Bad Seeds for 25 years until his departure on 22 January 2009, when he cited both professional and personal factors as reasons for leaving. Regarding Cave, Harvey informed the media: ''I'm confident Nick Cave will continue to be a creative force and that this is the right time to pass on my artistic and managerial role to what has become a tremendous group of people who can support him in his endeavours, both musically and organisationally''. In 2010, Harvey explained further that his frustration with song arrangements strained his relationship with Cave; and a desire to spend time with family was also a significant reason for his decision. The split marked the end of a 36-year-long collaboration between Harvey and Cave.
In 2007 the Spanish label Bang! Records released a four-track EP by Harvey's retro rock band The Wallbangers, featuring songs written by Harvey alone, and songs he co-wote with Tex Perkins and Loene Carmen. Harvey sings and plays guitars, while drums are credited to Rocky Features (a Harvey pseudonym) and bass to Rod Bottoms. A press release stated the EP was Rocky Features' first recording since 1982's 'Honeymoon in Red', which was released with pseudonymous credits for Harvey's contributions (but not the pseudonym Rocky Features).
After Bonney left Crime & the City Solution for a solo career in the United States, Harvey recorded two solo albums of Serge Gainsbourg songs, translated from French into English: 'Intoxicated Man' and 'Pink Elephants'. He has also collaborated with UK rock musician PJ Harvey (no relation), and produced for other Australian artists, including Anita Lane, Robert Forster, Conway Savage and Roland S. Howard. Harvey's third solo release, 'One Man's Treasure', was issued in September 2005.
In 2006 Harvey undertook his first solo tours of Europe and Australia, accompanied by fellow Bad Seeds; Thomas Wydler and James Johnston, as well as Melbourne-based double bassist Rosie Westbrook. His next solo record, 2007's 'Two Of Diamonds', was recorded with this group, as was the 2008 live album 'Three Sisters - Live at Bush Hall'. In February 2008, Harvey and Westbrook played as a support act for PJ Harvey on her Australian tour, with both Harveys also performing on stage together. Prior to the tour, Harvey worked extensively with PJ Harvey over a 12-year period: he was a recording musician on her albums 'To Bring You My Love' and 'Is This Desire?', and co-produced the album 'Stories From The City, Stories From The Sea' in 2000.
In both 2008 and 2009, Harvey joined the five remaining members of The Triffids for a series of performances at the Sydney Festival, Melbourne Arts Centre and Perth International Arts Festival, celebrating the music and the memory of David McComb. Harvey is also a contributor to the 2009 rock biography, Vagabond Holes: David McComb and the Triffids, edited by Australian academics Niall Lucy and Chris Coughran.
Harvey released 'Sketches From The Book Of The Dead'—the first solo album written entirely by Harvey—in early 2011 on the Mute record label. The 11-track album was recorded in Melbourne, between a Port Melbourne studio and Harvey's own Grace Lane music room. Harvey played most of the instruments, while Westbrook played double bass, J.P. Shilo played accordion, violin and occasional guitar, and Xanthe Waite contributed backing vocals. Harvey explained in a promotional interview that he does not perceive himself as a "songwriter" in the traditional sense, whereby the practice is: "something they actual songwriters, as perceived by Harvey have done historically and something they've worked on as central to what they are as an artist". He also confirmed that the opening track, "October Boy", is about Rowland S. Howard.
Harvey once again co-produced and recorded for PJ Harvey during the creation of her eighth studio album, 'Let England Shake'. The 2011 release was supported by a world tour in the same year, which also included Harvey as a touring musician. His sixth solo studio album, titled 'FOUR (Acts of Love)', released on Mute in 2013, features original compositions by Mick Harvey alongside a song by PJ Harvey "Glorious" and interpretations of The Saints’ "The Story of Love", Van Morrison’s "The Way Young Lovers Do", Exuma’s "Summertime in New York" and Roy Orbison’s "Wild Hearts (Run Out of Time)". 'FOUR (Acts of Love)' was recorded at Grace Lane, North Melbourne and Atlantis Sound, Melbourne, and features regular collaborators Rosie Westbrook on double bass and JP Shilo on guitar and violin.
'Delirium Tremens' (2016) is the third instalment in Harvey's project of translating Serge Gainsbourg's songs into English, after 'Intoxicated Man' and 'Pink Elephants'. 'Delirium Tremens' was recorded in Melbourne with Harvey's Antipodean-based core live band. 10 songs were tracked at Birdland Studios; the project then relocated to Berlin, where a further nine songs were recorded with Toby Dammit (The Stooges, The Residents) and Bertrand Burgalat (of French label Tricatel), who was the string arranger on the first two volumes. Harvey again collaborated with PJ Harvey in early 2015, playing and singing on her album 'The Hope Six Demolition Project'. The following year he joined PJ on tour promoting the album, which was released in April 2016.
Harvey continued his dedication to the works of Serge Gainsbourg with 'Intoxicated Women'. The album focuses on Gainsbourg's duets and songs from the 1960s, which he wrote specifically for renowned singers such as France Gall, Juliette Greco, and Brigitte Bardot. To realize this project, Harvey collaborated with a number of guest musicians: Xanthe Waite, German singer Andrea Schroeder, Jess Ribeiro, Sophia Brous, Cambodian singer Kak Channthy, Lyndelle-Jayne Spruyt, and his son Solomon Harvey. The album was released in 2017 via Mute Records. In 2018, Harvey released the album 'The Fall and Rise of Edgar Bourchier and the Horrors of War' in collaboration with author Christopher Richard Barker.
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